Warning: This story contains details of assault and sexual violence.
A judge is expected to decide this week whether a man who admitted to killing four Indigenous women in Winnipeg did so because he was in the throes of a psychotic episode or was driven by a rare form of perverse sexual interest.
The killings in 2022 prompted renewed calls for governments and organizations to address the ongoing issue of missing and murdered Indigenous women.
Countrywide protests were also held to demand a landfill be searched for the remains of two of the victims. The search is set to start in fall.
The judge is scheduled to give his decision Thursday in the first-degree murder trial of Jeremy Skibicki.
Skibicki has admitted to killing Morgan Harris, 39; Marcedes Myran, 26; Rebecca Contois, 24; and an unidentified woman an Indigenous grassroots community has named Mashkode Bizhiki’ikwe, or Buffalo Woman.
Defence lawyers have argued Skibicki, 37, should be found not criminally responsible due to mental illness. A forensic psychiatrist for the defence testified Skibicki was suffering from schizophrenia at the time of the killings.
But the Crown contends Skibicki killed the women because he is a homicidal necrophiliac and that he knew what he was doing was wrong.
Homicidal necrophilia isn’t well understood or documented, say some criminologists. It’s an uncommon paraphilia in which individuals are aroused by having sex with someone they’ve killed.
Eric Beauregard, a professor of criminology at Simon Fraser University, said there are a few studies on homicidal necrophilia, but it’s not well researched.
“We’re talking about something very severe and also very rare,” he said.
WATCH | Court hears video evidence of Jeremy Skibicki’s confession to Winnipeg police:
The lengthy police interrogation video of Jeremy Skibicki has been released. The 37-year-old is on trial for first-degree murder in the deaths of three First Nations women, and a fourth woman who has not been identified but who police believe was Indigenous. WARNING: This story contains distressing details.
One of the most well-known cases is American serial killer and sex offender Jeffrey Dahmer. Some of his murders involved necrophilia.
Cases of these nature in Canada can be counted on two hands, said Michael Arntfield, a criminologist and professor at Western University.
Beauregard has studied patterns of necrophilic behaviour in sexual homicides. It’s often associated with serial offenders.
“It has to be recurrent and intense. It’s not something somebody would have experienced once and then you get the diagnosis,” Beauregard said.
The causes are unclear.
“That’s the million-dollar question criminal profilers, criminal psychologists, psychiatrists and police investigators have been trying to get to the bottom of,” Arntfield said.
History of mental illness
Research suggests offenders experienced a traumatic event during their childhood.
Skibicki’s trial heard he has a history of mental illness, including depression, borderline personality disorder and thoughts of suicide. But there was no diagnosis of schizophrenia from a psychiatrist during his years of treatment.
Dr. Sohom Das, a forensic psychiatrist from the United Kingdom, assessed Skibicki after the killings and testified for the defence. He said he believes delusions and the psychotic symptoms caused by schizophrenia directly motivated the slayings.
Das said Skibicki told him that he felt compelled to kill the women because he was on a mission from God and heard hallucinations coaxing him to kill.
Prosecutors have argued the opposite, presenting DNA, video surveillance and witness evidence to show Skibicki had the mental capacity and awareness to commit and cover up the killings.
They also argue Skibicki targeted the women because they were Indigenous.
In an unprompted confession to police, Skibicki told police the killings were racially motivated and cited white supremacist beliefs.
Prosecutors said Skibicki preyed on the victims at homeless shelters. He then assaulted them, strangled or drowned them, before committing “vile, sexual acts” on their bodies.
The trial heard he disposed of the bodies in garbage bins in his neighbourhood. Myran and Contois were dismembered.
Dr. Gary Chaimowitz, a Crown-appointed forensic psychiatrist, testified Skibicki is likely a homicidal necrophiliac and was driven to kill the women because of his sexual interest in the dead.
Chaimowitz told court that Skibicki has a record of necrophilia interests dating back to his early teens. Chaimowitz said Skibicki told him he had been aroused by people playing dead or who were dead.
The trial also heard Skibicki sexually assaulted his former wife while she was sleeping. The ex-wife testified Skibicki had a fetish for her being lifeless, and he showed her violent pornography and suggested they re-enact it.
‘Difficult to control’
Research suggests there are nine types of necrophilia. The first involves an element of role-playing that escalates.
“People become increasingly exploratory and risk-taking,” said Arntfield. “Once you’re to that level of depravity, it’s very difficult to control. There’s no sort of anodyne substitute for what you’re doing in order to keep you fulfilled.”
However, paraphilias by themselves do not require psychiatric treatment, said Arntfield.
“Necrophilia in itself doesn’t make you criminally insane, for lack of a better word … those people are perfectly able to function.”
Beauregard said the true prevalence of necrophilia is unknown, given that investigators aren’t always familiar with the behaviour.
“Sometimes it is very easy to miss the sexual dynamic that went on in the homicide. This is why a lot of these cases are not flagged as sexual, when in fact they are,” said Beauregard.
Arntfield said police should undergo more training to allow them to recognize and classify behaviours associated with the paraphilia.
Support is available for anyone affected by these reports and the issue of missing and murdered Indigenous people. Immediate emotional assistance and crisis support are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week through a national hotline at 1-844-413-6649.
You can also access, through the government of Canada, health support services such as mental health counselling, community-based support and cultural services, and some travel costs to see elders and traditional healers. Family members seeking information about a missing or murdered loved one can access Family Information Liaison Units.